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Blood, 1 March 2008, Vol. 111, No. 5, pp. 2573-2580.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 18, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-07-102525.
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Submitted July 24, 2007
Accepted November 1, 2007
High-dose as compared with intermediate-dose methotrexate in children with a first relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Arend von Stackelberg*, Reinhard Hartmann, Christoph Buhrer, Rudiger Fengler, Gritta Janka-Schaub, Alfred Reiter, Georg Mann, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Richard Ratei, Thomas Klingebiel, Jorg Ritter, and Gunter Henze
Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, University of Berlin, Charite Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Department of Neonatology, Basel University Children's Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Hamburg University Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, St. Anna Kinderspital, Vienna, Austria
The Pediatric Clinic II, The University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Robert-Roessle-Clinic at the HELIOS Klinik, Berlin, Germany
Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Munster University Hospital, Munster, Germany
* Corresponding author; email: arend.stackelberg{at}charite.de.
High dose Methotrexate (MTX) has been extensively used for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To determine the optimal dose of MTX in childhood relapsed ALL, the ALL-REZ BFM Study Group performed this prospective randomized study.
A total of 269 children with a first early/late isolated (n=156) or combined (n=68) bone marrow or any isolated extramedullary relapse (n=45) of precursor B-cell (PBC) ALL (excluding very early marrow relapse within 18 months after initial diagnosis) were registered at the ALL-REZ BFM90 trial and randomized to receive methotrexate infusions at either 1g/m2 over 36h (intermediate dose, ID) or 5g/m2 over 24h (high dose, HD) during 6 (or 4) intensive polychemotherapy courses. Intensive induction/consolidation therapy was followed by cranial irradiation, and by conventional dose maintenance therapy. Fifty-five children received stem-cell transplants.
At a median follow-up of 14.1 years, the 10-year event-free survival probability was .36 ± .04 for the ID-group (n=141), and .38 ± .04 for the HD-group (n=128, p=.919). The two groups did not differ in terms of prognostic factors and other therapeutic parameters.
Conclusion. Methotrexate infusions at 5 g/m2/24h, as compared with 1 g/m2/36h, are not associated with increased disease control in relapsed childhood PBC acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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