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Blood, 1 September 2008, Vol. 112, No. 5, pp. 1981-1992.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 17, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-07-103010.
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Submitted July 25, 2007
Accepted March 30, 2008
Id1 is a common downstream target of oncogenic tyrosine kinases in leukemic cells
Winnie F Tam, Ting-Lei Gu, Jing Chen, Benjamin H Lee, Lars Bullinger, Stefan Frohling, Andrew Wang, Stefano Monti, Todd R Golub, and D Gary Gilliland*
Hematology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, MA, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
* Corresponding author; email: ggilliland{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu.
Oncogenic tyrosine kinases, such as BCR-ABL, TEL-ABL, TEL-PDGF R and FLT3-ITD, play a major role in the development of hematopoietic malignancy. They activate many of the same signal transduction pathways. To identify the critical target genes required for transformation in hematopoietic cells, we used a comparative gene expression strategy in which selective small molecules were applied to 32Dc13 cells that had been transformed to factor-independent growth by these respective oncogenic alleles. We identified inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1), a gene involved in development, cell cycle and tumorigenesis, as a common target of these oncogenic kinases. These findings were prospectively confirmed in cell lines and primary bone marrow cells engineered to express the respective tyrosine kinase alleles, and were also confirmed in vivo in murine models of disease. Moreover, human AML cells lines Molm-14 and K562 that express the FLT3-ITD or BCR-ABL tyrosine kinases respectively, showed high levels of Id1 expression. Antisense and siRNA based knock-down of Id1 inhibited growth of these cells associated with increased p27Kip1 expression and increased sensitivity to Trail-induced apoptosis. These findings indicate that Id1 is an important target of constitutively activated tyrosine kinases, and may be a therapeutic target for leukemias associated with oncogenic tyrosine kinases.
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