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Blood, 15 April 2008, Vol. 111, No. 8, pp. 4081-4091.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 14, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-09-113266.
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Submitted September 17, 2007
Accepted February 6, 2008
P19INK4D links endomitotic arrest and megakaryocyte maturation and is regulated by AML-1
Laure Gilles, Romain Guieze, Dominique Bluteau, Veronique Cordette-Lagarde, Catherine Lacout, Remi Favier, Frederic Larbret, Najet Debili, William Vainchenker, and Hana Raslova*
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), U790, Villejuif, France
Universite Paris VII, Villejuif, France
Universite Paris XI, Villejuif, France
Institut Gustave Roussy, IFR54, Villejuif, France
Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Trousseau, Service d'Hematologie biologique, Paris, France
* Corresponding author; email: hraslova{at}igr.fr.
The molecular mechanisms that regulate megakaryocyte (MK) ploidization are poorly understood. Using MK differentiation from primary human CD34+ cells, we observed that p19INK4D expression was increased both at the mRNA and protein levels during ploidization. p19INK4D knockdown led to a moderate increase (31.7±5%) in the mean ploidy of MLs suggesting a role of p19INK4D in the endomitotic arrest. This increase in ploidy was associated with a decrease in the more mature MK population (CD41highCD42high) at day 9 of culture, which was related to a delay in differentiation. Inversely, p19INK4D overexpression in CD34+ cells resulted in a decrease in mean ploidy level associated with an increase in CD41 and CD42 expression in each ploidy class. Confirming these in vitro results, bone marrow MKs from p19INK4D KO mice exhibited an increase in mean ploidy level from 18.7N (±0.58) to 52.7N (±12.3). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays performed in human MKs revealed that AML-1 binds in vivo the p19INK4D promoter. Moreover, AML-1 inhibition led to the p19INK4D downregulation in human MKs. These results may explain the molecular link at the transcriptional level between the arrest of endomitosis and the acceleration of MK differentiation.

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