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Blood, 1 September 2008, Vol. 112, No. 5, pp. 1844-1852. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 10, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-11-125492.
Submitted November 29, 2007
Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands * Corresponding author; email: l.w.h.hambach{at}lumc.nl.
Regressions of metastatic solid tumors after allogeneic human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched stem-cell transplantation (SCT) are often associated with detrimental graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). The graft-versus-host reaction of the HLA-matched donor is mainly directed against the multiple mismatched minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) of the patient. mHags are strong HLA-restricted allo-antigens with differential tissue distribution. Ubiquitously expressed mHags are the prime in situ targets of GvHD. The mHag HA-1 is hematopoiesis-restricted, but displays additionally an aberrant expression on solid tumors. Thus, HA-1 might be an excellent target to boost the anti-solid tumor effect of allogeneic SCT without inducing severe GvHD. Here, we show that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) solely targeting the human mHag HA-1 are capable of eradicating three-dimensional human solid tumors in a highly mHag specific manner in vitro, accompanied by interferon-gamma release. In vivo, HA-1 specific CTLs distribute systemically and prevent human breast cancer metastases in immunodeficient mice. Moreover, HA-1 specific CTLs infiltrate and inhibit the progression of fully established metastases. Our study provides the first proof for the efficacy of a clinically applicable concept to exploit single mismatched mHags with hematopoiesis- and solid tumor-restricted expression for boosting the anti-solid tumor effect of allogeneic SCT.
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