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Blood, 1 August 2008, Vol. 112, No. 3, pp. 733-740.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 14, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-12-130096.
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Submitted December 20, 2007
Accepted March 18, 2008
NOTCH1 extracellular juxtamembrane expansion mutations in T-ALL
Maria Luisa Sulis, Odette Williams, Teresa Palomero, Valeria Tosello, Sasikala Pallikuppam, Pedro J Real, Kelly Barnes, Linda Zuurbier, Jules P. Meijerink, and Adolfo A. Ferrando*
Pediatric Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New york, NY, United States
Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
* Corresponding author; email: af2196{at}columbia.edu.
Heterodimerization domain (HD) mutations in NOTCH1 induce ligand independent activation of the receptor and contribute to the pathogenesis of one third of human T-cell lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALL). Here we report a novel class of activating mutations in NOTCH1 leading to aberrant activation of NOTCH1 signaling in T-cell lymphoblasts. These so called JuxtaMembrane Expansion (JME) alleles consist of internal duplication insertions in the vicinity of exon 28 of the NOTCH1 gene encoding the extracellular juxtamembrane region of the receptor. Notably, structure-function analysis of leukemia-derived and synthetic JME mutants demonstrated that the aberrant activation of NOTCH1 signaling is dependent on the number of residues introduced in the extracellular juxtamembrane region of the receptor and not on the specific amino acid sequence of these insertions. JME NOTCH1 mutants are effectively blocked by -secretase inhibitors and require an intact metalloprotease cleavage site for activation. Overall these results show a novel mechanism of NOTCH1 activation in T-ALL and provide further insight on the mechanisms that control the activation of NOTCH1 signaling.

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