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Blood, 1 July 2008, Vol. 112, No. 1, pp. 45-52.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 28, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-01-134858.
Previous Article | Next Article 
Submitted January 18, 2008
Accepted March 17, 2008
Epidemiology of Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders in the United States, 2001-2004: Utilizing Data from the NAACCR and SEER Programs
Dana E Rollison*, Nadia Howlader, Martyn T Smith, Sara S Strom, William D Merritt, Lynn A Ries, Brenda K Edwards, and Alan F List
Cancer Prevention and Control Division, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
Contractor to the National Cancer Institute, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
Epidemiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
Hematologic Malignancies Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
* Corresponding author; email: dana.rollison{at}moffitt.org.
Reporting of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMD) to population-based cancer registries in the U.S. was initiated in 2001. In this first analysis of data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR), encompassing 82% of the U.S. population, we evaluated trends in MDS and CMD incidence, estimated case numbers for the entire U.S., and assessed trends in diagnostic recognition and reporting. Based on >40,000 observations, average annual age-adjusted incidence rates of MDS and CMD for 2001-2003 were 3.3 and 2.1 per 100,000, respectively. Incidence rates increased with age for both MDS and CMD (p<0.05) and were highest among Whites and non-Hispanics. Based on follow-up data through 2004 from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program, overall relative 3-year survival rates for MDS and CMD were 45% and 80%, respectively, with males experiencing poorer survival than females. Applying the observed age-specific incidence rates to U.S. Census population estimates, approximately 9,700 MDS cases and 6,300 CMD cases were estimated for the entire U.S. in 2004. MDS incidence rates significantly increased with calendar year in 2001-2004, and only 4% of cases were reported to registries by physicians offices. Thus, MDS disease burden in the U.S. may be underestimated.

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