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Blood, 1 September 2008, Vol. 112, No. 5, pp. 1628-1637.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 19, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-02-138230.
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Submitted February 20, 2008
Accepted May 11, 2008
The natural history and treatment outcome of blast phase BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Constantine S Tam, Roberto M Nussenzveig, Uday Popat, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Deborah A Thomas, Jorge A Cortes, Richard E Champlin, Stefan E Ciurea, Taghi Manshouri, Sherry M Pierce, Hagop M Kantarjian, and Srdan Verstovsek*
Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
Stem Cell Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
Hematopathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
* Corresponding author; email: sverstov{at}mdanderson.org.
We analyzed the outcomes of 74 patients diagnosed with BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) in blast phase receiving induction chemotherapy (55%), low intensity therapy (16%), stem cell transplantation (SCT; 3%) or supportive care (26%). Median survival from the date of blastic transformation was 5 months. Patients receiving supportive therapy had a median survival of 6 weeks. Complete remission ± blood recovery was achieved in 46% of patients receiving induction chemotherapy, but remissions were not durable with a median PFS of only 5 months. Eight patients received SCT either as first therapy or after responding to anti-leukemia therapy. These patients have a markedly superior survival, with 73% being alive at a median follow-up of 31 months. JAK2V617F kinetics were assessed in 16 patients: 0 of 4 negative patients became positive at transformation, and among 12 positive patients, 1 had an increase in JAK2V617F% at transformation, 7 had a substantial decrease, and 4 had stable levels. MPN blast phase is associated with a dismal prognosis. Responses to chemotherapy can be achieved but are not durable. Long-term survivors had all received SCT either as first therapy or in first remission.

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