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Blood, 26 February 2009, Vol. 113, No. 9, pp. 2096-2103.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 6, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-03-145862.
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Submitted March 19, 2008
Accepted December 17, 2008
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: t(8;21) and inv(16) represent different clinical outcomes
Yachiyo Kuwatsuka*, Koichi Miyamura, Ritsuro Suzuki, Masaharu Kasai, Atsuo Maruta, Hiroyasu Ogawa, Ryuji Tanosaki, Satoshi Takahashi, Kyuhei Koda, Kazuhiro Yago, Yoshiko Atsuta, Takashi Yoshida, Hisashi Sakamaki, and Yoshihisa Kodera
Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
Department of HSCT Data Management, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
Department of Molecular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Hematology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Hematology, Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
Department of Hematology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
Hematology Department, Toyama Prefectural Hospital, Toyama, Japan
Department of Hematology, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
* Corresponding author; email: kuwatsuka-ngy{at}umin.ac.jp.
We analyzed 338 adult acute myeloid leukemia patients with t(8;21) and inv(16) undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT), who were registered in the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation database. At 3 years, overall survival (OS) of patients with t(8;21) and inv(16) was 50% and 72%, respectively (P = 0.002). Although no difference was observed when restricted to allogeneic SCT in first complete remission (CR) (84% and 74%), OS of patients with t(8;21) and inv(16) undergoing allogeneic SCT in second or third CR (45% and 86% at 3 years; P = 0.008) was different. OS was not different between first CR patients who received allogeneic SCT and those who received autologous SCT for both t(8;21) AML (84% versus 77%; P = 0.49) and inv(16) AML (74% versus 59%; P = 0.86). Inv(16) patients not in CR did better after allogeneic SCT than those with t(8;21) (70% and 18%; P = 0.03). Patients with t(8;21) and inv(16) should be managed differently as to the application of SCT. SCT in first CR is not necessarily recommended for inv(16). For t(8;21) patients in first CR, a prospective trial is needed to clarify the significance of autologous SCT and allogeneic SCT over chemotherapy.

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