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Blood, 15 October 2008, Vol. 112, No. 8, pp. 3122-3125.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 31, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-06-164228.
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Submitted June 23, 2008
Accepted July 18, 2008
Seven year median time to progression with thalidomide for smoldering myeloma: Partial response identifies subset requiring earlier salvage therapy for symptomatic disease
Bart Barlogie*, Frits van Rhee, John D Shaughnessy Jr, Joshua Epstein, Shmuel Yaccoby, Mauricio Pineda-Roman, Klaus Hollmig, Yazan Alsayed, Antje Hoering, Jackie Szymonifka, Elias Anaissie, Nathan Petty, Naveen S Kumar, Geetika Srivastava, Bonnie Jenkins, John Crowley, and Jerome B. Zeldis
Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, WA, United States
Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, United States
* Corresponding author; email: barlogiebart{at}uams.edu.
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is usually followed expectantly without therapy. We conducted a phase II trial in 76 eligible patients with SMM, combining thalidomide (THAL, 200mg/d) with monthly pamidronate. In the first 2 years, THAL dose reduction was required in 86% and drug was discontinued in 50%. Within 4 years, 63% improved including 25% qualifying for partial response (PR); by then, 34 patients had progressed and 17 required salvage therapy. Unexpectedly, attaining PR status was associated with a shorter time to salvage therapy for disease progression (p<0.001), perhaps reflecting greater drug sensitivity of more aggressive disease. Low beta-2-microglobulin levels <2mg/L were independently associated with superior overall and event-free survival. Four-year survival and event-free survival estimates of 91% and 60% together with a median post-salvage therapy survival of more than 5 years justify the conduct of a prospective randomized clinical trial to determine the clinical value of pre-emptive therapy in SMM. Trial registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov under identifier NCT00083382

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