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Blood, 16 April 2009, Vol. 113, No. 16, pp. 3679-3681.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on February 20, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-10-184705.
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Submitted October 17, 2008
Accepted February 14, 2009
Malignant mesothelioma following radiation treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma
Marie L De Bruin, Jacobus A Burgers*, Paul Baas, Mars B van 't Veer, Evert M Noordijk, Marieke WJ Louwman, Josee M Zijlstra, Hendrik van den Berg, Berthe MP Aleman, and Flora E van Leeuwen
Department of Epidemiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Thoracic Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Eindhoven Cancer Registry, Comprehensive Cancer Center South (IKZ), Eindhoven, Netherlands
Department of Hematology, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Paediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital/Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Department of Radiotherapy, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
* Corresponding author; email: s.burgers{at}nki.nl.
Malignant mesothelioma is a relatively uncommon malignancy. Although the pathogenesis is primarily related to asbestos, the disease may be associated with radiation exposure. Recently, increased risks for second primary mesothelioma following radiation for lymphoma have been reported. Because these findings are based on small numbers of patients, they need to be confirmed. We examined mesothelioma risk in 2567 5-year survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma. The risk was almost 30-fold increased in HL patients treated with irradiation compared to the general population. Although histology and survival of the mesothelioma cases were comparable to cases from the general population, asbestos exposure and the proportion of males were lower than expected. The evidence for radiotherapy as cause for mesothelioma independent of exposure to asbestos is expanding, and the diagnosis 'mesothelioma' should be kept in mind whenever related symptoms arise in patients who had previous irradiation.

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