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Blood, 4 June 2009, Vol. 113, No. 23, pp. 5727-5736. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 10, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2009-02-205237.
Submitted February 12, 2009
Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States * Corresponding author; email: pardanani.animesh{at}mayo.edu.
Clinical phenotype in systemic mastocytosis (SM) is markedly variable, which complicates prognostication and decision making regarding the choice and timing of therapy. In a retrospective study of 342 consecutive adult patients with SM seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1976 and 2007, disease sub-designation according to the World Health Organization (WHO) proposal was indolent (ISM) in 159 (46%), with associated clonal hematological non-mast cell lineage disease (SM-AHNMD) in 138 (40%), aggressive (ASM) in 41 (12%) and mast cell leukemia in 4 (1%). KITD816V was detected in bone marrow-derived DNA by allele-specific PCR in 68% of 165 patients evaluated (ISM 78%, ASM 82%, SM-AHNMD 60%; p=0.03); JAK2V617F was detected in 4%, all in SM-AHNMD. Compared to those with non-indolent SM, life-expectancy in ISM was superior and not significantly different than that of the age- and gender-matched U.S. population. In addition, multivariable analysis identified advanced age, weight loss, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and excess bone marrow blasts as independent adverse prognostic factors for survival. The current study validates the prognostic relevance of the WHO subclassification of SM and provides additional information of value in terms of both risk stratification and interpretation of clinical presentation and laboratory results.
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